Method of operating combustion-engines.



m5.;885,820. I PATENTED APR.28,1908

P. WIN-AND & H. NEUMANN. v METHOD OF OPERATING COMBUSTION ENGINES.

' APPLIGATION FILED NOV. 5. 1906.

UNITED" STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PAUL WINAND, or COLOGNE, AND HANS NEUMANN, OF BERGISCH-GLADBACH, GERMANY.

METHOD OF OPERATING COMBUSTION-ENGINES.

To all to ho'm it may concern? g Be it known that we, PAUL WINAND, en-

' gineer, a subject of the King of Belgium, re-

. tion of theinvention, such as will enable siding at Cologne, 1 Sudermannstrasse, Gerjmany, and Hum NEUMANN, a subject .of the German Em eror, residing at Be'rgisch-Glad bach, Wilhe mstrasse .178,- Germany, have invented certain new and useful ImprovementsinMethods of Operating Combustion- Engines; and we do hereby declare the for lowing to be a full, clear, and exact descripothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the'same.

For the propulsion of submarine boats it is customary touse acombustion engine operated by some liquid fuel and by atmosphericfed by the storage battery.

air during the time the boatis at the surface. During that time the en me not only drives the boat but it serves to oad electric storage cells and for that purposeactuates an-elec-v 'tric' generator. The boat is propelled, during the time it is submerged, by an ele'ctro-m'otor It Would'be ossible to continuethe work in of the com ustion engine for direct propu sion while the boat is submerged if'the air needed for this urpose could be stored on board. This is owever a practical impossiblity because the volume and the weight of the air vessel must be unduly large even when a high pressure is resorted to. If however instead -of using air, carriers of oxygen containing a larger roportion of oxygen than air and particular y such as are obtainable in the liquid state under a moderate pressure are employed, the weight and'the volume of the carrier of oxygen including its containing vessel are great yreduced for the same amount of work done as compared withthe use and storage of air. It is not practicable however to use'substances rich in oxygen in a combustion engine instead of air 'wlthout special provisions because by reason of the lack of the'nitrogcn of the air, they generate 'too high temperatures and, more particularly inexp Specification oi Letters Patent.

Patented April 28, 1908.

' Application filed November 5, 1906. Serial No. 342,127.

small amount of nitrogen. If part of these is cooled there remains a mixture of carbonic acid .and nitrogen which is very well fitted. .as a dilutingagent for the charge.

This part of the products of combustion used as a diluting agent thu s performs a circulating motion, as it were, and by thismeans the storing and the carrying on board of a diluting agent for the reduction of temperature, are obvi.

ated.

It is particularlyuseful, when carrying out the above described method in an engine 0 erated on the two-stroke cycle, in which t e burned ases are not expelled-from the cylinder by t e motion of the piston but by their own pressure to make use of the modification of the method, which consists in sprayin water or some other liquid in the hot burne ases contained in the cylinder during the atter part of the expansion period or during the compression eriod, whereby the burne ases are cooled The water vapor prouced thereby and which mixes with the amount of the burned gases that did not leave the cylinder at the end of the expansion stroke, then forms the diluting agent together with these gases. The advantage of this modification as against performing the cooling of the burned gases outside of the engine cylinder consistsin the saving of the cooling chamber and in saving the work otherwise spent in expelling the burned gases firom and reintroducing them into the cyliner. a

The introduction of the combustible fuel and of the carrier of oxygen into the cylinder may be carried out in various ways. Either of these components may be; introduced at different moments or simultaneously either se arately or mixed.

n the accompanying drawing, we have illustrated, in sectional elevation, and partly broken away, the cylinder of a combustion engine, adapted for the practice of the invention.

' The mixture of fuel and oxygen-carrier, admitted respectively into the cylinder. 2, through the timed valves 4, 5, is ignited when the piston is at the innermost limit of its stroke. At the end of the expansion ton, and, in consequence, of the internal pressure, a portion of the roducts of com-' stroke, the ports 6 are uncovered by the pisof water, preferably at this juncture, t rough the valve 7, and, at the forward stroke of the piston, they are compressed. The spraying in of the water may, in some instances occur, somewhat later, i. e. immediately after the piston begins its return or compression strokes.

The shaft 8 with its timing cams or eccen trics, actuates the valve-stems at the req uisite predetermined intervals, as will be well understood by those skilled in the art. The inward or return movement of the piston draws in through the port 3 a new supply of combustible and oxygen carrier, with which the diluent commingles, and the resultant charge is ignited, as before; so that the same operation is repeated with each revolution of the cam shaft.

' What we claim is:'

1. The method of operating combustion engines, which consists in igniting and exploding in the working cylinder thereof, an

explosive charge containing a combustible and a substance richer in oxygen than'air,

exhausting a portion of the resultant products of combustion, retaining and cooling the 2. The method of operating combustion engines, which consists in igniting and ex ploding in the working cylinder, an explosive charge containing a combustible and a substance richer in oxygen than air, exhaust ing a portion of the resultant products of combustion, retaining and cooling the remainder of the products of combustion by spraying water into them, com )ressing said cooled portion, and drawing the next succeeding charge of combustion and oxygencarrier into the said retained, cooled, sprayed and compressed portion; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have aiiixed our signatures, in presence of two witnesses.

PAUL WINAND.

HANS NEUMANN. Witnesses:

BESSIE F. DUNLAP, LOUIS VANDORN. 

